The next knob on your channel after the mid range is usually your low frequency. This control typically allows you to boost or cut everything from 80Hz or so and below. Remember that if your PAD switch is in, you are already cutting the lows to an extent. Therefore, the Low knob and the PAD switch are interactive.
These low frequencies are going to really affect the fundamentals of the rhythm section (bass guitar, kick drum, 'body' of acoustic guitar sound, bottom end of the keyboard, etc.) They can give the music a more powerful sound in larger doses, or a bit more body in smaller doses. That's when it's used right. Used wrong, it will make the music sound boomy or muddy, and if cut too much can make everything sound 'thin'.
Be careful with lower frequencies. Lower frequencies are what we call "omni-directional" - they go everywhere in all directions, even behind the speaker! This means that a little boost goes a long way.
Be aware, also, that as you get lower you will begin to feel the sound more than hear it. This means that even if you can't hear the difference you are making, you might still be reprogramming someone's pacemaker in the 3rd row (just kidding).
On vocals, low frequencies won't to do much, especially if you have the PAD switch in to reduce handling noise.
Next time: the AUX buses
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